METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION
Mohammrd Bello Babanumma, PhD, Tanimu Saad Idris and Ibrahim Alhaji Shawai
Volume 5 Issue 2
Abstract
Data collection is a foundational pillar in the research process, particularly in conflict and security studies, where the accuracy, reliability, and ethical integrity of data are paramount. This paper explores the significance of aligning data collection methods qualitative, quantitative, or mixed with the nature and context of the research. It offers a detailed overview of primary data collection tools such as interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions, observations, and experimental methods, as well as the use of secondary data from existing sources. The discussion highlights the strengths, limitations, and context-specific applications of each method. Ethical considerations, including informed consent, confidentiality, and cultural sensitivity, are emphasized as essential to ensuring research credibility. The paper also addresses the operational and contextual challenges encountered during data collection in conflict-affected settings, such as insecurity, respondent distrust, logistical barriers, researcher fatigue, and gender norms. Drawing on real-world examples from Nigeria, it underscores the importance of adaptability, careful planning, and researcher safety. Ultimately, the paper argues that effective data collection grounded in ethical practice, methodological rigor, and contextual awareness is crucial for generating valid insights and informing impactful interventions in fragile and high-risk environments. Keywords: Methods, Data, Conflict, Security Study
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